In Hebrew, Aramaic, and Arabic the words for “Philistines” is the word we now have fo Palestinians.
The wars between the Hebrews and the Philistines are documented in the books Christians call the Bible. For Jews, these books are not the word of God but our ancient history books.
The Philistines also fought wars with Canaanite tribes as well as with the Egyptians, Babylonians and Assyrians. By the time of the return of the Jews from Babylon, under Cyrus the Great, there were no longer any people called Philistines in the land we now call Judea/Palestine and it was referred to by everyone as Judea.
This was the case until in the year 70 CE when. the Romans destroyed the kingdom of Judea. After a brutal war, Rome decided this land should no longer be and renamed Judea/Palestine after the now extinct Philistine people.
The only other historic Palestine was a Crusader Kingdom, conquered by the great Caliph Saladin.
So, for the millennium under Arab, Muslim, and Turkish rule this piece of land was referred to as Palestine only in a geographic sense. It was natural, therefore, when the Zionists decided to re-create the Jewish homeland that the British Empire referred to this as Palestine.
From 1920-1948 a (class ‘A’ Mandate) State of Palestine existed as per international law but it was, as were all of its major institutions, Jewish. Until the 1960s the name “Palestine” resonated as something Jewish to European ears, the Muslims rejecting the name saying it didn’t belong. The 4,000 year old Jewish homeland or “Land of Israel” or the “Holy Land” were all synonymous!!
The British as legal Mandatory over the Mandate managed or mismanaged the state partially with Jewish Auxiliary until Jews regained official sovereignty in 1948, by declaring independence.